This is an internal server error. You say no references to Zenphoto, but any related to that 500 error?
Is the file really there? The first to look is for file/folder permission being wrong or just too strict or the wrong owner of the files. Sometimes ftp clients mess around when uploading. Take a look here if that helps: https://www.zenphoto.org/news/permissions-for-zenphoto-files-and-folders/
The file owner must be the one that runs the PHP process. On some hosts the owner you upload via ftp is a different one. But permissions was just a guess, I have no knowledge about your host. Maybe ask your host's support.
The cache folder will be created once image sizes are generated. You didn't get that far yet sadly.
The cache_html folder is from the static_html_cache plugin and does not exist unless you use that plugin.
Sure, I will give that a try. I also tried a local install on my development laptop and when I copy the folder and set perms, I get an "xdg-open" message. If I click "Open" then I get an error notification (https://imagebin.ca/v/4IjBAzOJMHPY)
So the setup runs for the most part, but I cannot get the mysqli information to return success. I have verified that the username/password/dbname I am using are correct by connecting at cli but the setup.php is not accepting it.
mysql> show databases;
+---------------------------+
| Database |
+---------------------------+
| information_schema |
| knichelo_zenphoto |
+---------------------------+
2 rows in set (1.43 sec)