There is no such plugin, even worse would be how to define the answere. I presume it would be the last time an image was updated, but could also include edits to the metadata.
If you want the former, there is something close that probably could be modified. It is an example (read unsupported) plugin called filter-new_objects. This filter is geared to be called whenever a new album or image is made. As written, it just adds a comment on who created the album/image.
But for your case it could instead record the date and time of the change. You would have to find a place to record it, perhaps as an option.
Then your theme could retrieve this value and display it. An alternative would be an SQL search that produced the "most recent" image. You could use the data from that.
Unfortunately, for the metadata there is nowhere recorded when updates are made.