There is no such plugin, even worse would be how to define the answere. I presume it would be the last time an image was updated, but could also include edits to the metadata.
If you want the former, there is something close that probably could be modified. It is an example (read unsupported) plugin called filter-new_objects. This filter is geared to be called whenever a new album or image is made. As written, it just adds a comment on who created the album/image.
But for your case it could instead record the date and time of the change. You would have to find a place to record it, perhaps as an option.
Then your theme could retrieve this value and display it. An alternative would be an SQL search that produced the "most recent" image. You could use the data from that.
Unfortunately, for the metadata there is nowhere recorded when updates are made.
As my collegue mentioned you will have to modify this plugin. It is an example on how probably to do it.
I don't think this gets a standard function. Anyway if you wish that you can open a ticket as a suggestion but no guarantee on that.
You can do similar things with the image_album_statistics plugin. You would have to create your own function with the "get" variant to get do that what you wish. Addtionally the last update if you use the Zenpage plguin will be different as well, but that one has also functions for that.
Of course you will have to have some coding knowledge.